Three gorges dam: was china's project worth building?
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A straight-crested concrete gravity structure, the Three Gorges Dam is 2,335 metres (7,660 feet) long with a maximum height of 185 metres (607 feet). It incorporates 28 million cubic metres (37 million cubic yards) of concrete & 463,000 metric tons of steel into its design. Submerging large areas of the Qutang, Wu, & Xiling gorges for some 600 km (375 miles) upstream, the dam has created an immense deepwater reservoir allowing oceangoing freighters lớn navigate 2,250 km (1,400 miles) inland from Shanghai on the East đài loan trung quốc Sea to the inland đô thị of Chongqing. Navigation of the dam & reservoir is facilitated by the five-tier ship locks at both ends of the complex, which allow vessels of up lớn 10,000 tons to navigate past the dam, và a ship lift, which allows vessels of up to 3,000 tons khổng lồ bypass the ship locks and travel past the dam more quickly. At the time of its completion in late 2015, the lift, which was 120 metres (394 feet) long, 18 metres (59 feet) wide, và 3.5 metres (11 feet) deep, was the largest ship lift in the world.
Limited hydroelectric power nguồn production began in 2003 và gradually increased as additional turbine generators came online over the years until 2012, when all of the dam’s 32 turbine generator units were operating. Those units, along with 2 additional generators, gave the dam the capacity lớn generate 22,500 megawatts of electricity, making it the most productive hydroelectric dam in the world. In 2020 the hydroelectric plant produced 111.88 kilowatt hours, setting a new world record for annual power generation volume.
The dam also was intended lớn protect millions of people from the periodic flooding that plagues the Yangtze basin, although just how effective it has been in this regard has been debated. In 2020 đài loan trung quốc experienced its heaviest floods in more than three decades, và the dam’s reservoir neared maximum capacity, reaching the highest levels since it began retaining water in 2003. Officials said that the dam reduced damage & loss of life from the floods, while critics asserted that the heavy floods served to lớn highlight the limitations of the dam as an effective flood-control tool.
